World News Tonight (ABC) - 1999-06-07
Channel: malgent
Transcript
Language: English (original, YouTube automatic captions)
[0:03] On World News Tonight this Monday,
[0:05] somewhere between war and peace,
[0:08] settlement talks in limbo. NATO keeps
[0:11] bombing in force. Peter Jennings reports
[0:14] from the Balkans. Trying to stem the
[0:16] flood of ecstasy into the US. The love
[0:19] drug seized at record levels. And
[0:22] finding the trigger for mental illness.
[0:24] Could it be a power shortage in the
[0:26] brain? A closer look at America's state
[0:29] of mind.
[0:33] >> From ABC News, this is World News
[0:36] Tonight with Peter Jennings. Tonight,
[0:39] reporting from Macedonia.
[0:41] >> Good evening from Macedonia. It was, as
[0:44] they say, a beautiful day for bombing.
[0:46] And up at the border with Kosovo today,
[0:47] we could see and hear NATO tightening
[0:49] the screws on Yugoslavia after the
[0:52] military talks to get the Serb forces
[0:54] out of Kosovo went off the rails here
[0:56] last night. Here in the region, people
[0:58] are not surprised there's a problem. How
[1:00] big a problem is not completely clear.
[1:03] Yugoslavia blames NATO. The NATO
[1:05] alliance says that it is Yugoslavia who
[1:07] has failed. First on what NATO thinks
[1:10] and wants to happen next, here's ABC's
[1:13] John McQuey.
[1:15] NATO officials believe Serb leader
[1:17] Slobodon Mallosvich is stalling to get a
[1:20] better deal at those talks between
[1:22] Yugoslav and NATO generals. The Yugoslav
[1:25] side was complaining about timing. They
[1:28] said they cannot withdraw in the seven
[1:30] days demanded by NATO. The roads are too
[1:33] bad, bridges are out, and they are short
[1:35] on fuel. The Yugoslavs also complained
[1:38] that ethnic Albanian guerillas would
[1:41] attack them as they were attempting to
[1:43] withdraw. US and NATO officials say
[1:45] there are ways to reassure Malloich on
[1:48] all of these points, but for now, these
[1:50] concerns do not appear to be his real
[1:52] game.
[1:53] >> The only reason the talks broke down was
[1:56] the refusal of Belgrade to keep to its
[1:59] word. It is as simple as that.
[2:02] >> Sources say Mallich is using his old
[2:05] ally, the Russians, to try to soften
[2:07] NATO's terms under which Yugoslav troops
[2:10] must leave Kosovo. The Russians were
[2:13] working to do just that all day in Bon
[2:16] Germany. That's where the foreign
[2:18] ministers of the world's seven largest
[2:20] industrial nations, plus Russia, were
[2:22] struggling to agree on what must happen
[2:25] first in Kosovo. A Yugoslav troop pull
[2:28] out, a NATO bombing halt, or a UN
[2:31] resolution.
[2:32] >> There's a lot of discussion about how
[2:34] these events are sequenced and how
[2:36] they're synchronized.
[2:37] >> But on one crucial point, the White
[2:39] House was not bending. The air campaign
[2:41] will continue
[2:43] until we see the kind of pull out that
[2:47] uh we and NATO have called for.
[2:49] >> US officials say Belgrade could again
[2:52] become a target if the stalling drags on
[2:54] much longer. John McQuey, ABC News, the
[2:57] Pentagon.
[2:59] >> Well, NATO has the power and as we hear
[3:01] it here, Mr. Mallosvich now understands
[3:04] what he's up against and in time NATO
[3:07] will have its way.
[3:10] What fight there is left in the Serbs is
[3:12] still being directed against the ethnic
[3:13] Albanians. These men escaped through the
[3:16] hills across the border into Macedonia
[3:18] just this morning. They're exhausted and
[3:21] before the day was over, they had joined
[3:23] the giant refugee population already
[3:25] here. The refugees universally blame Mr.
[3:28] Mallovich for anything that goes wrong.
[3:32] In the Yugoslav capital, Belgrade, the
[3:34] overwhelming number of people are way
[3:35] past defiance. They have seen the United
[3:38] States, which they basically admire,
[3:40] destroy much of their country in a war
[3:42] for which there has been no gain. ABC's
[3:46] Bob Woodruff is in Belgrade tonight
[3:48] where there is nothing but
[3:49] disappointment.
[3:52] >> Throughout the city today, there was
[3:53] frustration.
[3:54] >> Everything is bad and I think it will be
[3:58] worse.
[3:59] >> There was anger.
[4:01] >> I think that people don't get it. They
[4:04] think it's just a game. No, no, it's
[4:05] going to be much worse. I mean, people
[4:07] are dying right now.
[4:08] >> In the 4 days since the Serbs accepted
[4:10] the peace deal, Belgrade has been quiet
[4:13] and many people had convinced themselves
[4:15] that the days of bombs and bomb shelters
[4:17] were behind them. But this afternoon,
[4:20] more air raid sirens and once again,
[4:23] people were buying flashlights and
[4:24] batteries. Some said they would sleep
[4:26] outside the city tonight where it may be
[4:29] safer.
[4:29] >> We only hope that they won't strike
[4:31] again at some civilian targets. While
[4:34] many were predicting bombs, some were
[4:36] forecasting peace.
[4:38] >> I think uh for 5 days.
[4:41] >> 5 days would be peace.
[4:42] >> Yes.
[4:43] >> She would not say why.
[4:45] >> What if peace does not come?
[4:48] >> Uh well, it's the end of the world for
[4:50] us. You know,
[4:53] >> it's the end of the world for us.
[4:55] >> It is a world that so many here thought
[4:58] was returning to normal. Bob Woodruff,
[5:00] ABC News, Belgrade. One other today
[5:03] complication, 2500 Marines still at sea
[5:07] in the Aian. They'd hoped to land in
[5:10] Greece today south of here and then come
[5:12] up to join a peacekeeping force for
[5:13] Kosovo, but this morning the Greeks told
[5:15] them they could not land. Greece is a
[5:18] member of NATO, but an ally of
[5:19] Yugoslavia. The US is working on Greece
[5:23] to change its mind. At the end of the
[5:25] broadcast tonight, how we spent our
[5:27] weekend out here. Such a magnificent
[5:29] place and so much hatred. Right now,
[5:33] ABC's Kevin Newman, who's in New York,
[5:35] has the rest of the day's news. Kevin.
[5:37] >> All right, Peter. We begin in Poland,
[5:39] where the Pope called for world peace in
[5:41] an outdoor mass celebrated by hundreds
[5:43] of thousands of people. John Paul II is
[5:46] on a 13-day journey home that is part
[5:48] nostalgia and part business. 95% of the
[5:52] Polish people are Catholic, but the
[5:53] Vatican is concerned many have been less
[5:55] involved in the church since communism
[5:57] collapsed there a decade ago. In one of
[6:01] the world's most populous countries
[6:02] today, the start of a new era of
[6:04] political freedom. Millions of people in
[6:07] Indonesia voted in the first truly free
[6:09] elections there in four decades.
[6:11] Indonesia's longtime dictator, President
[6:13] Suarto, was forced to resign a year ago,
[6:15] and his party is expected to be voted
[6:17] into obscurity when we return. and the
[6:20] designer drug being seized in record
[6:22] amounts. Is ecstasy overwhelming our
[6:25] youth and breakthroughs in understanding
[6:28] depression? Our series, the state of
[6:31] mind.
[6:34] >> This is World News Tonight with Peter
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[8:44] The FBI updated its 10 most wanted list
[8:46] today, adding Osama bin Laden indicted
[8:49] for the US embassy bombings in Kenya and
[8:51] Tanzania. And James Cop, an
[8:54] anti-abortion activist charged with
[8:55] killing a doctor in New York State. They
[8:58] replaced two Libyans now in custody
[8:59] accused of bombing a Panama jet over
[9:01] Locker, Scotland. The customs service
[9:04] says there's a disturbing new trend in
[9:05] its seizures of illegal drugs. A huge
[9:08] amount of the synthetic drug ecstasy is
[9:11] being confiscated. The mass popularity
[9:13] of Ecstasy is relatively new, but the
[9:15] story is familiar. Enormous profit
[9:18] margins and strong demand. Here's ABC's
[9:20] Jackie Jud.
[9:23] Ecstasy, all the rage at so-called rave
[9:26] parties is flooding into the country.
[9:30] The customs service seized almost a
[9:32] million doses in the first eight months
[9:35] of the fiscal year. And that is almost
[9:37] three times the amount in all of last
[9:39] year. Five years ago really there we
[9:42] didn't hear of ecstasy in this country.
[9:44] It's kind of a stealth drug. All of a
[9:46] sudden it's upon us in the last few
[9:48] years.
[9:50] >> Ecstasy is a synthetic drug that
[9:52] produces a euphoric sense which is why
[9:54] it is also called the love drug. It
[9:57] typically is not connected to fatal
[9:59] overdoses, but long-term use can cause
[10:02] brain damage.
[10:03] >> It's a stimulant. It's an upper. Looks
[10:06] like an aspirin tablet. And a lot of
[10:09] it's being sold all over the United
[10:11] States to young people in particular.
[10:13] >> Most ecstasy is smuggled in from Western
[10:16] Europe. It costs pennies to produce and
[10:18] can be sold for as much as $45 a dose.
[10:22] US customs is only getting a fraction of
[10:25] what is brought in.
[10:26] >> We have estimates that uh say that we
[10:28] seize about 17 to 25% of drugs coming
[10:31] into the country. Authorities say one of
[10:33] the most troubling aspects of this is
[10:35] the shipment seized are so large it
[10:38] appears that organized crime is becoming
[10:41] more involved in the ecstasy trade.
[10:43] Jackie Jud, ABC News, Washington.
[10:47] >> On the money tonight, the accounting
[10:48] firm of Price Waterhouse Coopers
[10:50] released an interesting study today
[10:51] predicting that Ford will pass General
[10:53] Motors as the world's largest car maker
[10:55] by the year 2005. Now, Ford hasn't led
[10:58] in car production since 1930, and that's
[11:00] when Model A's were still on the line.
[11:02] The often maligned material polyester is
[11:05] being blamed for a decision by DuPont to
[11:07] cut 1,400 jobs. Polyester had enjoyed a
[11:10] resurgence since the days when it was
[11:12] associated with leisure suits, but
[11:14] DuPont says demand is once again
[11:16] shrinking worldwide. On Wall Street
[11:19] today, the Dow Jones Industrial Average
[11:20] was up more than 109 points to close at
[11:23] 10,99.
[11:24] On the NASDAQ, stocks were up 45 points.
[11:28] And it comes down to bragging rights. In
[11:30] Chicago today, developers have filed
[11:32] plans for what would be the world's
[11:34] tallest building, 1,537
[11:38] ft tall, and that's 54 ft taller than
[11:40] the Petronis Towers in Malaysia.
[11:44] In a moment, pinpointing the roots of
[11:46] mental illness. Some remarkable
[11:47] discoveries, and we'll take a closer
[11:49] look.
[11:57] Where will you be when your grandson
[11:58] gets his first taste of the ocean?
[12:02] When man walks on Mars?
[12:06] When your children want to discover
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[13:58] All this week, we're going to be taking
[14:00] a closer look at the nation's state of
[14:02] mind, mental health, and mental illness
[14:04] in America. In Washington today, Chipper
[14:07] Gore chaired the first ever White House
[14:09] conference on mental health, and the
[14:11] idea is to try to dispel the myths about
[14:14] depression, paranoia, and schizophrenia.
[14:17] These and other mental disorders affect
[14:19] more than 50 million Americans. One out
[14:22] of every four families has to cope with
[14:24] mental illness every year. But as ABC's
[14:27] Ned Potter tells us, for depression,
[14:29] which is one of the most prevalent of
[14:31] these disorders, there is now a greater
[14:33] understanding of the cause than ever
[14:35] before.
[14:40] There is an eternal halflight.
[14:42] >> You don't see the point when there's no
[14:44] happy anymore
[14:46] >> in which a depressed person seems to
[14:48] live.
[14:48] >> I call it a hole in my soul. Doctors
[14:51] have long known that depression is not
[14:52] just a dark mood or a deficit of
[14:54] character.
[14:56] >> Almost feel like you're going to just
[14:58] cry.
[14:59] >> That it's an illness like diabetes or
[15:01] high blood pressure. But just what are
[15:03] its roots? Today there are new answers.
[15:06] Until a few years ago, researchers
[15:08] mostly thought the problem was
[15:09] biochemical, a shortage perhaps of mood
[15:12] hormones such as serotonin. Today the
[15:15] picture is much more complex and the
[15:17] place to begin is here on the left side
[15:19] of the brain about 2 in from the
[15:21] forehead. This is an area called the
[15:24] preffrontal cortex and in normal people
[15:27] it looks something like this but in
[15:29] depressed people it may look like this
[15:32] about 40% smaller. The prefrontal cortex
[15:36] is important because it helps keep
[15:37] negative emotions under control. In
[15:40] people with at least some types of
[15:42] depression, they have abnormalities not
[15:45] only of the function of the brain but
[15:48] also of the structure of the brain. A
[15:50] possible reason is that depressed
[15:52] patients have fewer ga the cells that
[15:55] supply the brain with nourishment from
[15:57] the bloodstream. In other words, the
[15:59] brain may literally be low on power when
[16:02] depression strikes. It affects many many
[16:05] systems in the body which goes along
[16:07] with the symptoms of depression that
[16:09] people have trouble thinking and
[16:10] concentrating. There's changes in
[16:12] appetite, changes in motor activity.
[16:14] Growing knowledge is leading to new
[16:16] hope. Doctors are making new drugs and
[16:18] have better ideas about why they work.
[16:21] And at the National Institute of Mental
[16:22] Health in Maryland, they're working on
[16:25] magnetic stimulation. The right magnetic
[16:28] pulses may somehow restore the power the
[16:30] depressed brain lacks. The ammunition is
[16:33] getting greater and more varied.
[16:36] >> Yeah. Greater, more varied, and with
[16:38] fewer side effects.
[16:39] >> The work is only in the early stages,
[16:41] but it seems to prove that depression is
[16:43] a brain malfunction doctors can correct.
[16:46] That soon the halflife for many patients
[16:49] will brighten. Ned Potter, ABC News,
[16:52] Bethesda, Maryland.
[16:54] As Ned pointed out, for so many years,
[16:56] people almost dismissed the science of
[16:58] mental illness. a person suffering from
[16:59] depression was just feeling down or was
[17:01] somehow weak. But as mental illness
[17:04] becomes treatable, like so many other
[17:06] diseases, it pushes researchers to
[17:08] consider the causes of it in new ways,
[17:10] too. Here's ABC's Deborah Amos.
[17:13] >> The key to a revolution in psychiatry
[17:16] may be in this deep freeze.
[17:19] Stored here are pieces of brains sliced
[17:22] paper thin to see what's inside. What
[17:25] researchers believe they're seeing are
[17:27] viruses that trigger mental illness.
[17:30] >> In very concrete terms, we are actually
[17:32] thinking that you have a chronic
[17:34] infection in the brain. You have viruses
[17:37] in the brain cells that have changed the
[17:39] chemistry of the cells.
[17:41] >> Psychiatrist E. Fuller Tory is the
[17:44] executive director of the Stanley
[17:45] Research Foundation in Maryland. For 25
[17:48] years, he has been on a quest to find
[17:51] the viruses he believes trigger
[17:53] schizophrenia and manic depression.
[17:55] >> The viruses that we're focusing on are
[17:57] viruses that we know like nerve tissue,
[18:00] like brains, and selectively go to the
[18:02] brains.
[18:03] >> The theory is simple. Common viruses can
[18:06] sleep harmlessly in the brain, but can
[18:08] awaken when we're stressed or have a
[18:10] drop in our immune system. When that
[18:13] happens, a virus can begin to inflame
[18:16] brain cells. Scientists are not sure why
[18:18] this happens, but they say some people
[18:21] are more genetically susceptible to the
[18:23] process.
[18:23] >> I think it's a very logical point of
[18:25] view. When I started it, it seemed
[18:27] fairly outrageous to most of my
[18:28] colleagues. Uh, but I must admit, it's
[18:30] almost respectable now.
[18:32] >> So respectable that within a year, a
[18:35] trial study will begin to add antiviral
[18:38] drugs to the medication of a small group
[18:40] of patients with schizophrenia and manic
[18:43] depression. And our eventual goal would
[18:44] really be to see if we could prevent or
[18:46] treat these diseases, particularly
[18:47] schizophrenia, by using one of these
[18:49] antiviral agents.
[18:51] >> Viologist Dr. Robert Yulcom of John's
[18:53] Hopkins Medical School has joined Dr.
[18:56] Tory to prove the theory and if they are
[18:58] right, bring relief for a devastating
[19:01] disease. Deborah Amos, ABC News,
[19:04] Baltimore.
[19:06] >> Some of the people who are the most
[19:07] likely to suffer from mental illness are
[19:09] the most silent about it. Tomorrow we'll
[19:11] look at depression and the elderly.
[19:13] There are some new technologies and new
[19:15] treatments that could change the lives
[19:17] of older Americans. That's all for now
[19:19] from here. Once again, Peter Jennings in
[19:22] Macedonia.
[19:23] >> When we come back, a weekend spent in
[19:25] Albania and in Macedonia. This is such a
[19:27] beautiful part of the world and there is
[19:29] so much pain.
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[20:19] >> When my headache goes away, I'm me
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[20:21] >> By the way, keeping a headache diary can
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[22:53] >> Finally, this evening, from the most
[22:55] explosive danger zone in all of Europe,
[22:58] which the Balkans have always been. As
[23:00] we traveled around in Macedonia and
[23:02] Albania over the weekend, it was so
[23:04] clear that the often distorted memories
[23:06] that people here have of each other's
[23:09] history will now have a new layer of
[23:12] hatred.
[23:14] It is about an hour by helicopter from
[23:16] the Albanian capital, forever by car,
[23:19] when the first of the refugee camps
[23:21] appear like ancient tented cities on the
[23:23] plane below. Visitors to the Balkans
[23:26] always comment on how so much hatred and
[23:29] agony can exist in such a beautiful
[23:31] place. This is Kukesh, close to the
[23:34] border. On Saturday, the Serbs shelled
[23:38] close by again. It's a reminder of how
[23:40] much is unresolved. The war is still
[23:43] very real.
[23:47] >> The people from 50 countries who are
[23:49] here to sustain the refugees still
[23:51] believe they will be here for months, if
[23:54] not months and months, and they are not
[23:58] well enough prepared.
[24:00] >> Worried about it at the moment.
[24:02] >> The refugee specialists tell us that
[24:03] more help has been offered to these
[24:05] refugees than any others in the world.
[24:08] They're European in Europe's backyard.
[24:12] Some of them say cynically that if
[24:13] Europe makes them comfortable here, they
[24:16] will be less inclined to flood the rest
[24:18] of Europe.
[24:22] >> People are generally healthy. Most of
[24:24] them arrived healthy and the daily menu,
[24:27] if you can call it that, is carefully
[24:29] calibrated to keep them. So there is a
[24:32] complete and utter lack of privacy.
[24:35] And there are so many children.
[24:40] The Serbs criticize the ethnic Albanians
[24:43] for having large families, and some
[24:45] certainly do. Is it instinctive because
[24:49] the Serbs have tried to wipe them out?
[24:51] The Serbs lost Kosovo demographically a
[24:54] long time ago.
[24:58] >> There is so much technology in the
[24:59] refugee business now, but for refugees
[25:01] with relatives and friends all over
[25:03] Europe, there is nothing to beat a
[25:05] satellite telephone. The International
[25:07] Committee of the Red Cross had two of
[25:08] them here. One minute per person, two
[25:12] minutes. If you've just been released
[25:14] from Serb custody and you want to tell
[25:16] someone somewhere that you survived,
[25:22] >> these men survived. We found them just
[25:25] after they came across on Saturday
[25:27] afternoon. They'd been picked up by the
[25:29] Serbs last Tuesday, beaten up until
[25:31] Friday, stripped of all their
[25:33] identification,
[25:35] and told to get out.
[25:38] >> "I worked in an aluminum factory," he
[25:40] says. "I know the men who abused me."
[25:44] Here's a glimpse of the future. One of
[25:47] the first people to call on these
[25:48] exhausted men was a representative from
[25:50] the Kosovo Liberation Army. The struggle
[25:52] for post-war power in Kosovo has begun
[25:55] in earnest, and as of now, the KLA has a
[25:59] powerful edge in popularity.
[26:02] It is hard to tell how well the Ka has
[26:04] fought the Serbs. There are more than a
[26:07] few fresh graves at the local cemetery.
[26:11] And when they had a martyr's funeral for
[26:13] 30-year-old Gani Saramaji yesterday,
[26:16] they also prepared several new graves in
[26:19] anticipation.
[26:21] On Sunday to Macedonia,
[26:25] we asked our interpreter, a young Kosovo
[26:27] journalist, to take us to the one place
[26:28] in this refugee camp run by care which
[26:31] he thought best represented his country.
[26:35] He took us to school in a tent, run by
[26:38] UNICEF.
[26:43] In the camps, there's an enormous effort
[26:45] to save the children from long-term
[26:47] trauma.
[26:52] It is startling here how angry the kids
[26:55] are.
[26:57] >> There is nothing so lacking in a refugee
[26:59] camp as dignity. What a difference a
[27:02] haircut can make.
[27:06] Finally, late on Sunday, we were here
[27:09] for the Stankovich Cup named after the
[27:11] camp. The camp soccer final on a hard
[27:14] field covered in rocks. clean t-shirts,
[27:19] >> a little speech by a relief official
[27:20] from Thailand about everyone being a
[27:22] winner someday.
[27:24] >> Okay, let's stop.
[27:26] >> And then for an hour, these young minds
[27:28] were not on war, not on broken families,
[27:32] not on revenge.
[27:37] And that is our report on World News
[27:40] Tonight. We shall be here again
[27:41] tomorrow. I hope you'll join us then.
[27:43] I'm Peter Jennings. Good night from
[27:46] Macedonia.
[28:06] Tomorrow, older people suffering from
[28:08] depression, mental illness is on the
[28:10] rise, recognizing and treating the
[28:12] problem. Watch ABC's World News Tonight
[28:14] with Peter Jennings.
[28:16] >> This has been a presentation of ABC
[28:18] News. More Americans get their news from
[28:20] ABC News than from any other source.
[28:23] ABCnews.com, now a part of the Go
[28:25] Network. Tonight, when she met the man
[28:28] with everything, she felt like
[28:30] Cinderella until the fairy tale ended.
[28:32] >> That man is out to kill me.
[28:34] >> Money, sex, murder. Some people just
[28:37] can't get enough. Dennis Fron, Heather
[28:40] Lleair, Peter Strauss. An ABC premiere
[28:43] movie event, Texas Justice Tonight.
[28:47] >> Now, News 2 at 6. First, Fast Accurate.
[28:53] >> It's hard to believe. I mean, when we
[28:54] came out here last night, I never
[28:56] dreamed nothing like this. I thought
[28:57] just a small part of the building, you
[28:59] know, was on fire and that would be it.
[29:01] >> But the comeback is already underway for
[29:03] an historic metro facility lost to fire.
[29:07] Good evening, everyone. And that fire
[29:08] broke out late Sunday and quickly
[29:10] consumed the well-known clubhouse.
[29:12] >> Many residents in West Nashville could
[29:14] see the flames as they soared into the
[29:16] night. News2's Melissa Penry has been
[29:18] covering the story today and is there
[29:20] with this live report. Melissa?
[29:22] >> Well, Bob and Anne, we are at McCabe
[29:24] Golf Course. And one reason people like
[29:26] this golf course is because it's so wide
[29:28] open. In fact, in the late 20s, this was
[29:30] actually Nashville's