CBS Evening News - 1984-04-09
Channel: malgent
Transcript
Language: English (original, YouTube automatic captions)
[0:00] 10 on channel 5.
[0:02] >> Good evening. This is the CBS Evening
[0:04] News. Bob Schiffer sitting in tonight
[0:05] for Dan Rather. The Reagan
[0:07] administration, which has done little to
[0:08] hide its support of rebels fighting
[0:10] Nicaragua Sandinista regime, found
[0:12] itself today the defendant in an unusual
[0:15] court case. A case in which the White
[0:17] House vows to ignore the verdict,
[0:18] whatever it may be. Robert Shaky has
[0:21] details.
[0:22] Nicaragua filed suit in the
[0:24] International Court of Justice today,
[0:26] the World Court, charging American
[0:28] support for the CIA's covert war
[0:30] violates international law. In
[0:32] Washington, Nicaragua's foreign
[0:34] minister, Miguel Dotto, denounced the
[0:36] American decision, rejecting World Court
[0:38] jurisdiction. The international
[0:40] community
[0:42] cannot
[0:44] continue to tolerate for the sake of
[0:46] international peace and security in the
[0:48] world for a country to to self-proclaim
[0:53] itself the accuser, the judge and the
[0:56] executioner. Even though the United
[0:58] States went before the world court to
[1:00] gain condemnation of Iran during the
[1:02] hostage crisis, the State Department
[1:04] today held to its position that the
[1:06] United States had a legal right if it
[1:07] wished to to refuse to accept the
[1:09] jurisdiction of the court.
[1:11] >> We had a concern that one of the parties
[1:13] might exploit the situation and attempt
[1:16] to use it as a forum for propaganda.
[1:19] Publicly, the United States has not
[1:20] admitted what officials privately
[1:22] concede that the CIA using a freighter
[1:25] stationed offshore directed the mining
[1:27] of Nicaragua's principal seap ports of
[1:29] Corinto and Puerto Sandino. Since
[1:31] February, a number of foreign cargo
[1:33] ships have been damaged. While US aid is
[1:36] supposed to be secret, Congress is still
[1:37] openly debating whether to keep paying
[1:39] for the covert operation, including the
[1:42] support of an army of 18,000
[1:44] anti-government guerrillas. The dispute
[1:46] about the mining and the refusal to
[1:48] submit the issue to the World Court
[1:49] raised new questions today in Congress.
[1:52] >> The administration has demonstrated that
[1:54] it knows that its policies can't
[1:56] withstand an inquiry by an impartial
[1:59] objective international body. These
[2:01] elements of President Reagan's Central
[2:03] American policy border on sheer lunacy.
[2:06] The mining of harbors is an act of war.
[2:09] Up to this point, I have contended the
[2:10] Reagan administration's secret war
[2:12] against Nicaragua has been morally
[2:14] indefensible. Today, it is clear that
[2:17] it's legally indefensible as well. The
[2:20] public outcry about the mining and now
[2:22] the issue of the World Court has put the
[2:23] administration very much in the
[2:25] defensive. One administration official
[2:27] says the new argument may have torpedoed
[2:29] the entire covert operation, that
[2:31] there's a good chance that Congress now
[2:33] will cut off any further money for the
[2:35] notso secret war. Robert Shacky, CBS
[2:38] News, Washington.
[2:40] >> Democratic presidential candidate Jesse
[2:42] Jackson today called the mining of the
[2:43] Nicaraguan harbors very close to an act
[2:46] of war and said he has decided to go to
[2:48] Nicaragua within a month to meet with
[2:49] members of the leftist Sandinista
[2:51] government there. The Soviet Union
[2:53] charged today that the Reagan
[2:55] administration is trying to use the
[2:56] Olympics for political purposes and call
[2:59] for an emergency meeting of the
[3:00] International Olympic Committee. This
[3:02] comes after a week-long campaign
[3:04] criticizing arrangements for the
[3:05] Olympics in the Soviet press. Jerry
[3:08] Bowen reports. All this raises
[3:09] speculation the Soviets may boycott the
[3:11] Los Angeles games.
[3:14] Soviet athletes helped inaugurate the
[3:16] Olympic shooting range in Southern
[3:17] California today, but it's still a
[3:19] question whether the entire team will
[3:20] appear for the summer games. A growing
[3:23] question after the latest barrage of
[3:24] charges that the Reagan administration
[3:26] is interfering with the Olympics,
[3:28] playing politics. But the only area uh
[3:32] in which we have been unforthcoming
[3:35] is in the assignment of a particular
[3:38] individual as an Olympics attaches,
[3:41] Soviet Olympics atesees. The State
[3:44] Department rejected the Soviet selection
[3:46] of Ollegkin last month on the grounds he
[3:48] was a KGB agent. Soviet Olympic
[3:51] officials who toured Los Angeles last
[3:53] December are still upset over that and
[3:55] today they made it clear they are
[3:56] outraged by the Ban the Soviets
[3:58] coalition. a group which picketed the
[4:00] Soviets during their visit and plans
[4:02] more protests during the Olympic Games.
[4:04] Most annoying is the group's plan to
[4:06] recruit defectors
[4:08] >> simply to assist and encourage those who
[4:10] do want to defect to offer them shelter,
[4:13] assistance, safety, and whatever legal
[4:16] assistance they might need.
[4:18] >> The Soviets also charge the
[4:19] administration is violating the Olympic
[4:21] charter by requiring Russian athletes
[4:23] and officials to apply for visas, a
[4:25] surprising charge to some US Olympic
[4:27] officials. When our countrymen visit
[4:30] there in a in an official way, uh they
[4:34] require the same list.
[4:35] >> Late today, organizers of the Olympic
[4:37] Games in Los Angeles said they'd like
[4:38] less rhetoric and more action.
[4:41] >> We'd like to bring all the nations
[4:42] together, peaceful purposes, and let the
[4:45] let the athletes get on the field to
[4:46] play and stop all this uh this dialogue.
[4:49] >> Even before the new charges, Yubro was
[4:51] planning a trip to Moscow to stress the
[4:53] importance of a Soviet presence in the
[4:54] games. The Soviets will make their
[4:56] decision next month. Jerry Bowen, CBS
[4:58] News, Los Angeles.
[5:00] >> The space shuttle astronauts are short
[5:02] on fuel, but plan one last stab tomorrow
[5:05] at the job they went into space to do.
[5:07] They'll try one more time to reel in a
[5:09] broken satellite from space, repair it,
[5:11] and put it back into orbit. Meanwhile,
[5:13] all is going fine for the shuttle's bee
[5:15] team. The 3,000 honeybees on board had
[5:18] no engineering problems, either buzzing
[5:20] around in zero gravity or building their
[5:22] honeycombs in space. And CBS News Today
[5:25] got a look at a never-before-seen bit of
[5:27] the space program. Friday's spectacular
[5:29] shower of sparks over Hawaii produced
[5:32] when the shuttle's big external tank
[5:34] re-entered the atmosphere at about
[5:36] 17,000 m anph.
[5:52] Here
[5:54] in the forbidding wastess and searing
[5:56] heat of the Australian outback, the
[5:59] prototype of a new American luxury car
[6:02] has raised the benchmark by which other
[6:04] such cars must now be judged.
[6:07] And here at speed along the narrow
[6:09] twisting roads and wide open autobonds
[6:11] of Germany, that same car has served
[6:14] notice that it can measure up to world
[6:16] performance expectations.
[6:20] This is the new Buick Electra. We pushed
[6:23] it to the limit. We punished it until it
[6:25] was ready for the toughest test of all.
[6:28] You.
[6:32] You are the final judge. You are the one
[6:35] we have to please.
[6:38] Put the new Buick Electra to the test.
[6:41] We have. Now it's your turn.
[6:46] Buick, the official car of the 1984
[6:49] Olympic Games.
[6:52] >> The Federal Education Department said
[6:54] today that it wants a social service
[6:56] club found a group founded by Jesse
[6:58] Jackson, Operation Push Excel, to return
[7:01] more than $700,000 in federal grant
[7:04] money because the money was not spent
[7:06] properly. An education department
[7:07] spokesman said there were no allegations
[7:09] of fraud or misconduct against Jackson
[7:11] or anyone else, but there were questions
[7:13] of deficient recordkeeping. Jackson
[7:16] today called the government's report an
[7:17] improvement over its original request
[7:19] for even more money back, but he was
[7:21] angry about the timing of today's call
[7:23] on the eve of the Pennsylvania primary.
[7:26] >> The government report, we've known about
[7:27] it for several days. I discussed it with
[7:29] our lawyers over the course of the
[7:31] weekend. So, the the timing of these
[7:34] reports uh suggest something very very
[7:37] nasty and almost conspiratorial. To me,
[7:40] it was positive because we now are
[7:42] alleged to owe about onethird of what
[7:45] was the original preliminary report.
[7:47] >> The education department's call for a
[7:49] refund came as Jackson, Walter Montdale,
[7:51] and Gary Hart put in their final bids
[7:53] for votes in tomorrow's primary in
[7:54] Pennsylvania. In some cases, at least,
[7:57] the split among Democrats torn between
[7:58] Hart and Montdale shapes up as a cross
[8:01] between a generation gap and a family
[8:03] feud. We have a report from Eric
[8:04] Inkberg.
[8:05] >> Joe Clinton, 51. He works for the phone
[8:08] company in Pittsburgh and is president
[8:10] of his local union. He's for Montdale.
[8:12] >> I know what he can do for the working
[8:14] people and I see nothing wrong with
[8:16] that. Uh the working people built this
[8:18] country and they have a right to take a
[8:20] piece of it with them. You know,
[8:22] >> Chris Clinton, 23, Joe's daughter. She
[8:25] goes to college, plans a professional
[8:27] career, and you guessed it, she's for
[8:28] heart.
[8:29] >> He seems almost like an intellectual to
[8:31] me. Um and he just seems like he's he's
[8:34] got it together. A big part of what the
[8:36] Democratic Party contest is about this
[8:38] year is going on under the Clinton's
[8:40] roof in the suburbs of Pittsburgh.
[8:42] >> Fritz Manddale uh doesn't maybe have all
[8:46] the fire in the world, but you know,
[8:47] he's the real steady man in in my book.
[8:50] >> Walter Montdale just seems like he's
[8:52] just old hat. Um he's, you know, you've
[8:55] seen one politician, you've seen them
[8:56] all, and that's Walter Montdale. I don't
[8:59] think the young people are really
[9:00] thinking about the issues and they see
[9:02] the the Kennedy stature and I think
[9:05] they're buying that.
[9:06] >> We're interested in the future instead
[9:08] of the past.
[9:09] >> I think she's buying that image.
[9:12] >> Their split reflects one nationwide. You
[9:14] can see it in the crowds and in the
[9:16] opinion polls. Young Democrats moving to
[9:18] Hart and his promise of a fresh start.
[9:21] Older voters embracing Manddale and the
[9:23] party's traditions.
[9:24] >> How you doing? This is Joe
[9:26] >> Leon. Hi, Chris Clinton from Gary Hart.
[9:28] >> Remember our last membership meeting? We
[9:30] talked about Mandel.
[9:31] >> Listen, I um was wondering if you found
[9:33] anybody else to work at in the at the
[9:35] polls on Tuesday.
[9:36] >> What divides the Clintons is really not
[9:38] an issue, but a vantage point.
[9:40] >> You know, I worked out on the on the
[9:42] polls and the line crew uh for the
[9:44] telephone company, and I worked at many
[9:46] of many projects or housing uh plans
[9:49] that went up all through this this
[9:51] section of Pittsburgh. And it was just
[9:53] farms and fields before. And people,
[9:55] young families like myself at the time,
[9:58] moved in. And it was the policies, these
[10:00] old ideas that created these things.
[10:03] >> Chris, soon to graduate, is tired of old
[10:06] faces in politics.
[10:07] >> They just seem like they're so slow and
[10:09] they're just doing everything like
[10:10] they've always been doing it. And
[10:12] they're
[10:13] I don't know if they're afraid to change
[10:15] or if they just don't have the
[10:16] imagination to change.
[10:18] >> But she worries, too.
[10:19] >> It's kind of tough cuz this campaign now
[10:21] is almost like a class uh difference.
[10:24] you know, the workers on one hand and
[10:25] the professionals on the other and, you
[10:27] know, which is really a shame because it
[10:29] shouldn't be that way.
[10:29] >> While some experts see long-term trouble
[10:32] ahead for the Democrats in the
[10:33] generational split, Joe Clinton has no
[10:36] complaints beyond the traditional one
[10:38] for a dad.
[10:39] >> Uh, she's using my Mondale car and my
[10:41] Montdale gas to go out and tack up heart
[10:44] signs all over the neighborhood.
[10:46] >> Eric Hingberg, CBS News, Pittsburgh.
[10:50] Supreme Court Justice Thood Marshall
[10:52] took a rare public swipe tonight at some
[10:54] of his Supreme Court colleagues,
[10:55] including Chief Justice Warren Burer. He
[10:57] didn't mention any names, but referring
[10:59] to Burger's recent criticism of lawyers
[11:01] who make lastminute appeals to keep
[11:03] their clients from being executed.
[11:05] Justice Marshall said lawyers who help
[11:07] death row inmates deserve our gratitude,
[11:09] not our scorn. In a speech prepared for
[11:11] delivery at New York University Law
[11:13] School tonight, he said lawyers making
[11:15] those last minute appeals serve two
[11:17] crucial functions. preventing the
[11:19] execution of an innocent or improperly
[11:21] convicted person and making the public
[11:23] confront the reality of the system of
[11:25] punishment. We condone
[11:34] >> the good life in America means reaching
[11:37] for your dream.
[11:39] >> Millions of Americans will enjoy their
[11:41] leisure years more because of the
[11:43] equitable. We're one of the nation's
[11:46] largest managers of pension funds.
[11:49] America's keeper of dreams.
[11:51] >> We are the
[11:54] Yes, we'll help you live the good life.
[11:56] We are theable.
[11:59] We can help your dreams come true.
[12:04] >> Quadrram, not another personal computer,
[12:07] but enhancement products to make your
[12:09] computer better. Add quadram
[12:11] enhancements to expand functions and
[12:13] memory or produce graphics on your IBM
[12:15] PC or Apple computer. Add Quadram for
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[12:26] personal computer. Quadrram. We don't
[12:29] make computers, we make them better.
[12:36] Well, here's a story you don't often get
[12:38] from government agencies. is the nuclear
[12:40] regulatory commission has been studying
[12:42] problems of the nuclear industry and has
[12:43] concluded the commission itself may be
[12:45] part of the problem. Adding to other
[12:47] faults of the nuclear industry, the
[12:49] report says her commission rules that
[12:51] require mounds of paper but which are
[12:53] not strict enough to ensure that
[12:55] companies which are allowed to build
[12:56] nuclear plants are competent to manage
[12:58] them. Federal law enforcement officials
[13:01] today announced what they called their
[13:02] biggest case yet in cracking a drug ring
[13:05] tied to organized crime and that
[13:07] funneled drugs from Italy through a
[13:09] chain of US pizza parlors. Rita Braver
[13:11] reports.
[13:13] >> The government says the operation was
[13:14] masterminded by Sicilians and brought 1
[13:17] bill650 million worth of heroin into the
[13:20] United States over the past 5 years. The
[13:23] alleged American kingpin was Salvatore
[13:25] Toto Catalano, linked by the government
[13:27] to organize crime and owner of this
[13:29] bakery and pizza restaurant in Queens.
[13:32] In fact, so many of the dealings in this
[13:34] case took place in pizza parlors that
[13:36] federal officials have dubbed it the
[13:37] pizza connection. To try to avoid
[13:40] detection, it's charged the Sicilians
[13:42] sent the drugs to family members who own
[13:44] pizza parlors in five small Midwest
[13:46] cities. The drugs were then driven to
[13:48] New York and from there distributed to
[13:50] major metropolitan areas using
[13:52] legitimate brokerage houses and banks as
[13:54] well as couriers. The money was
[13:56] allegedly laundered through Swiss bank
[13:57] accounts.
[13:59] >> A process of heavy intelligence efforts,
[14:02] the use of the most sensitive lawful
[14:04] techniques made possible the
[14:06] identification of a new group of
[14:08] Sicilian nationals participating with
[14:11] traditional lacosa groups in the United
[14:14] States. Federal officials have been
[14:17] concerned that despite a series of major
[14:19] cases, heroin is still readily available
[14:21] on the street. They say this is the case
[14:23] that could make the difference. Rita
[14:25] Braver, CBS News, New York,
[14:28] >> the broadcasting of the latest Richard
[14:30] Nixon interviews is the subject of
[14:32] tonight's commentary by Bill Moyers.
[14:34] Bill,
[14:35] >> Bob, there's a lesson for journalists
[14:36] and a warning for all of us in Richard
[14:38] Nixon's appearance last night on 60
[14:40] Minutes. He was interviewed not by a CBS
[14:42] journalist, but by one of his own
[14:44] inimates. The two of them are
[14:45] collaborators in producing and selling
[14:47] the recollections from which Sunday
[14:49] night's excerpt was taken. Asked what he
[14:51] would tell his grandchildren about
[14:52] Watergate, Mr. Nixon said he would tell
[14:54] them it was a botched up attempt to
[14:56] break in and debug the Democratic
[14:58] National Committee, that it was illegal
[15:00] and wrong and stupid, and that the
[15:02] reaction to it at the White House was
[15:03] stupidity at the very highest. That's so
[15:06] as far as it goes. But Watergate was
[15:08] much more than Mr. Nixon was pressed to
[15:10] admit last night. It was a conspiracy to
[15:13] sabotage the constitutional system, and
[15:15] it was inspired by a pervasive mentality
[15:17] among White House officials who looked
[15:19] upon politics as warfare in which
[15:21] anything goes. If you want a sense of
[15:23] its scope, read again those charges of
[15:25] high crimes and misdemeanors, which have
[15:27] been drawn up in Congress for Mr.
[15:29] Nixon's impeachment if he had not
[15:30] resigned in order to avoid standing
[15:32] trial. A spirit of lawlessness pervaded
[15:34] the highest council of government, and
[15:36] we'll forget it only at our peril. This
[15:39] is the warning for all of us. It's no
[15:41] accident that in the novel 1984, Big
[15:43] Brother, the all powerful state,
[15:45] vanishes history to the memory hole.
[15:48] Citizens are made to remember only what
[15:50] they're taught to remember, and the
[15:51] content of their memory is changed
[15:53] overnight. Memory, you see, is
[15:55] indispensable to freedom. When there is
[15:57] nothing against which to measure what
[15:59] we're told today, we're at the mercy of
[16:01] those who destroy the past and publish
[16:03] new versions. The lesson for journalists
[16:05] is that truth is as much our business as
[16:08] news. And that means asking the
[16:10] questions ourselves, digging into the
[16:12] record, and comparing opinion to
[16:14] evidence. Otherwise, there's no context
[16:17] for the news. What is happening right
[16:19] now on this screen, this very moment,
[16:21] becomes our sole criterion for judgment.
[16:23] And all our yesterdays have little
[16:25] relevance.
[16:37] When you need a laxative, who do you
[16:39] trust
[16:39] >> in this job? XLax. It works when I want
[16:43] it to.
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[16:47] >> Who?
[16:48] >> XLax.
[16:49] >> XLax pills help get your body's natural
[16:51] rhythm going again. Your own system
[16:53] takes over to provide gentle relief
[16:55] overnight.
[16:56] >> For my family, it's always XLax. I'm not
[16:59] about to try anything else. It's our
[17:01] family friend.
[17:02] >> XLax helps your body help itself.
[17:04] >> That's right. helps your body help
[17:06] itself.
[17:08] >> This is Mr. Goodrrench. And did you know
[17:10] there are ways you can tell if your GM
[17:12] car's shock absorbers are okay? For one,
[17:14] check your tires. If they show unusual
[17:16] wear, like cupping at one spot, it can
[17:18] mean worn shocks, make your car hard to
[17:20] handle.
[17:22] So, see Mr. Good Wrench. I have the
[17:24] right equipment, training, and genuine
[17:25] GM Blue Line replacement shocks
[17:27] available. They have a lifetime limited
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[17:31] wrenches, good ways.
[17:34] >> GMU
[17:37] GM parts.
[17:40] >> A new twist to an old effort in Beirut
[17:42] today. Representatives of Lebanon's
[17:44] waring factions agreed on a military
[17:46] disengagement plan along the city's
[17:48] green line and in the mountains
[17:50] southeast of the capital. Government
[17:52] spokesman called this a first step
[17:53] toward ending Lebanon's 9-year-old war.
[17:56] Administration sources said today that
[17:58] the United States is planning to play a
[18:00] new China card by inviting Ping to
[18:02] become a part of new arms control
[18:05] proposals. Bill McLaclin has the story.
[18:08] CBS News has learned that when President
[18:10] Reagan goes to China later this month,
[18:12] he will propose the establishment of a
[18:14] hotline between Ping and Washington. The
[18:16] president will also make proposals
[18:18] designed to draw China into nuclear arms
[18:20] control talks with the US at a time when
[18:22] US Soviet talks are frozen. It is
[18:25] believed that the Chinese would view the
[18:26] hotline as putting them on the same
[18:28] plane as the Soviet Union. President
[18:30] Reagan will also try to open the door to
[18:32] nuclear non-prololiferation talks with
[18:34] the Chinese by trying to convince China
[18:36] not to share nuclear technology with
[18:38] Iraq and Pakistan, both of which are
[18:40] trying to build nuclear weapons. The
[18:42] most sensitive area of the talks will
[18:44] center on atmospheric testing of nuclear
[18:46] weapons. China has not tested in the
[18:48] atmosphere since 1980, but refuses to
[18:51] relinquish the right to do so. But China
[18:53] has hinted to the US that it would test
[18:55] nuclear weapons underground if it had
[18:57] the technology to do so. And Mr. Reagan
[18:59] is expected to explore the possibility
[19:01] of sharing that technology with China.
[19:03] The point may not have been missed at
[19:05] the White House that by doing all this
[19:06] in an election year, President Reagan
[19:08] will look like a man of peace, a leader
[19:10] who can deal with a major communist
[19:12] power on the nuclear issue. Bill
[19:14] McLaclin, CBS News, the State
[19:16] Department.
[19:17] Oddly enough, the way things have been
[19:19] going lately in China, the Chinese may
[19:21] be more interested in chatting about one
[19:22] of Mr. Reagan's longtime favorite
[19:24] subjects, the virtues of the free
[19:26] enterprise system. If you don't if you
[19:28] find that hard to believe, just listen
[19:29] to this report from David Jackson.
[19:34] There's a revolution in China and it's
[19:36] making people rich. Just take a look.
[19:38] This house belongs to a peasant, a field
[19:41] worker, Wang Yuan. He owns it because of
[19:44] an economic revolution that uses the
[19:46] profit motive to fill gaps left by
[19:48] socialism. The 5-year-old responsibility
[19:51] system by which people own private plots
[19:53] and have sidelineed jobs is beginning to
[19:56] pay off. Getting rich is okay.
[20:00] After the Wongs finish assigned work in
[20:02] commune fields and factories, they can
[20:04] tend their own plot, and what they don't
[20:06] eat, they can sell for a profit. Beyond
[20:09] that, Wong is a woodworker on the side,
[20:11] and we're told his talents are much in
[20:13] demand. He and his wife live here with
[20:15] their son, Wang's sister, and his
[20:17] mother. For the first time, he says
[20:19] there's plenty of room for all and
[20:21] plenty to eat. Funying is another
[20:24] example of the new peasant. He was the
[20:27] only one home of a family of six when we
[20:29] stopped by. The others were out making
[20:31] money. They all used to be crammed into
[20:33] three rooms. Now it's eight rooms. River
[20:36] View. They too have a private garden
[20:38] plot
[20:39] >> and some livestock of their own. It all
[20:42] spells profit
[20:44] and it's sanctioned in a country that
[20:46] used to preach against private ownership
[20:47] as bourgeoa. Not anymore. These people
[20:51] were reluctant to say how rich they are.
[20:53] Commune and government leaders stood
[20:55] just out of camera range, but officials
[20:57] claim that a lucky few have parlayed
[21:00] private enterprise into personal incomes
[21:02] of $50,000 a year.
[21:05] Make no mistake, China has not forsaken
[21:07] socialism or the communist ideal. But
[21:10] the economy needed a spark. So now
[21:12] getting rich is the thing to do, and
[21:14] it's made quite a difference in some
[21:15] country villages. This narrow shopping
[21:18] street has been here for a thousand
[21:20] years. It was built during the Sun
[21:21] Dynasty. But the products on sale today
[21:24] are modern by Chinese standards. The new
[21:26] economic reforms have given peasants
[21:28] money to spend, and they want to buy
[21:30] consumer goods.
[21:34] It used to be that peasants who could
[21:36] afford television sets or radios tked to
[21:39] the cities and hoped some were
[21:40] available. Not anymore. Goods are
[21:42] beginning to come to the people. With
[21:45] extra money in peasant pockets, small
[21:47] village shops bustle with activity.
[21:49] There's even room for a little vanity.
[21:55] To be sure, there are problems with the
[21:57] system. Problems of supply and demand,
[21:59] squables among enterprises that bring
[22:01] production to a halt.
[22:03] And be aware that this commune is not
[22:05] the norm. It is very successful, a
[22:08] model. The vast majority of rural
[22:10] Chinese are still very poor. But
[22:13] officials insist that even they are
[22:14] better off now with a new system and
[22:16] that by using it, they can catch up. For
[22:19] most, it will take a long time. But
[22:21] there is some progress, as Wong and Fun
[22:23] and others will tell you. Perhaps to the
[22:25] constrnation of old nine party
[22:27] theoreticians who see a touch of
[22:29] capitalism working where socialism did
[22:31] not. David Jackson, CBS News, She
[22:34] Commune, China.
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[24:17] This is the night of the 56th annual
[24:19] Academy Awards ceremony and Terry
[24:21] Drinkwater reports. It marks a good year
[24:23] for women as portrayed in the movies.
[24:26] If it is true that the movies tell us
[24:28] who we are or have been or will be. This
[24:31] was a very curious year. One nominee for
[24:34] best picture was in praise of
[24:36] astronauts, a subject that didn't do
[24:39] very well at the box office or the
[24:41] ballot box. Another told how the kids of
[24:44] the 60s are coping with divorce and
[24:47] disillusionment in the 80s.
[24:49] >> I've been out there dating for 20 years.
[24:52] I don't know. Sometimes I think I don't
[24:54] even want a man anymore.
[24:56] >> And if you look closely at the pictures
[24:58] the Oscar nominees draw of men and women
[25:00] this year, it's the women who have the
[25:02] heroic roles. In terms of endearment,
[25:06] nominated for best picture, Shirley Mlan
[25:08] and Deborah Winger were both nominated
[25:11] for best actress.
[25:12] >> The mother lives for the daughter. The
[25:15] daughter more or less thinks of the
[25:17] mother as her guide and mentor. It's a
[25:20] love story between a mother and
[25:21] daughter.
[25:21] >> In Silkwood, Meryill Streep stands up to
[25:24] the establishment. In educating Rita,
[25:27] Julie Walters is determined to get an
[25:29] education and get ahead.
[25:31] >> I'll make a decision. I will choose.
[25:35] >> And in Testament, Jane Alexander copes
[25:38] with strength and dignity with the bomb
[25:40] and death.
[25:41] >> All the women are winners. They're
[25:43] playing roles that are slight are
[25:44] winners are heroins. The men in all the
[25:47] leading categories are all losers.
[25:48] >> There is Robert Duval in Tender Mercy's,
[25:51] a country singer trying to redeem
[25:53] himself from a wasted life. There are
[25:55] Albert Finny and Tom Courtney, both
[25:57] nominated for the dresser about hands on
[26:00] the fringe of British theater. There is
[26:02] Tom Cotti in Ruben Rubin, a drunk and a
[26:06] befuddled poet.
[26:07] >> Uh, could you just point out the
[26:09] nyomaniacs to me, please?
[26:10] >> And there's Michael Kaine in Educating
[26:12] Rita, a drunk and a befuddled professor.
[26:16] Even the favorite for best supporting
[26:18] actor, Jack Nicholson, is no great
[26:20] catch. I
[26:21] >> think we're going to have to get drunk.
[26:24] >> Times change, of course, and the hero
[26:26] may make a comeback. But tonight, at
[26:28] least, one of these losers is bound to
[26:30] be an Oscar winner. Terry Drinkwater,
[26:32] CBS News Hollywood.
[26:35] >> And that's the news. Dan Rather will be
[26:37] back tomorrow. I'm Bob Schaefer, CBS
[26:39] News, New York. Good night.
[26:43] >> To the millions who use paint remover on
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[28:42] I'm Bill Curtis. Tomorrow we'll talk
[28:44] with Liberace. And in our 8:30 half
[28:46] hour, the Academy Award winners wake up
[28:48] to what's happening on the CBS Morning
[28:50] News.
[28:53] This is CBS.